SQL Backup Database Statement - SQL Learn

SQL Data Types for MySQL, SQL Server, and MS Access


Setiap kolom dalam tabel database harus memiliki nama dan tipe data.

Pengembang SQL harus memutuskan jenis data apa yang akan disimpan di dalam setiap kolom saat membuat tabel.

Tipe data adalah pedoman bagi SQL untuk memahami tipe data apa yang diharapkan di dalam setiap kolom, dan juga mengidentifikasi bagaimana SQL akan berinteraksi dengan data yang disimpan.


TIPE DATA MySQL (Versi 8.0)

Data Type Description
CHAR(size) A FIXED length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special characters). The size parameter specifies the column length in characters - can be from 0 to 255. Default is 1
VARCHAR(size) A VARIABLE length string (can contain letters, numbers, and special characters). The size parameter specifies the maximum column length in characters - can be from 0 to 65535
BINARY(size) Equal to CHAR(), but stores binary byte strings. The size parameter specifies the column length in bytes. Default is 1
VARBINARY(size) Equal to VARCHAR(), but stores binary byte strings. The size parameter specifies the maximum column length in bytes.
TINYBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large Objects). Max length: 255 bytes
TINYTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 255 characters
TEXT(size) Holds a string with a maximum length of 65,535 bytes
BLOB(size) For BLOBs (Binary Large Objects). Holds up to 65,535 bytes of data
MEDIUMTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 16,777,215 characters
MEDIUMBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large Objects). Holds up to 16,777,215 bytes of data
LONGTEXT Holds a string with a maximum length of 4,294,967,295 characters
LONGBLOB For BLOBs (Binary Large Objects). Holds up to 4,294,967,295 bytes of data
ENUM(val1, val2, val3, ...) A string object that can have only one value, chosen from a list of possible values. You can list up to 65535 values in an ENUM list. If a value is inserted that is not in the list, a blank value will be inserted. The values are sorted in the order you enter them
SET(val1, val2, val3, ...) A string object that can have 0 or more values, chosen from a list of possible values. You can list up to 64 values in a SET list


TIPE DATA SQL SERVER

Data type Description Max size Storage
char(n) Fixed width character string 8,000 characters Defined width
varchar(n) Variable width character string 8,000 characters 2 bytes + number of chars
varchar(max) Variable width character string 1,073,741,824 characters 2 bytes + number of chars
text Variable width character string 2GB of text data 4 bytes + number of chars
nchar Fixed width Unicode string 4,000 characters Defined width x 2
nvarchar Variable width Unicode string 4,000 characters
nvarchar(max) Variable width Unicode string 536,870,912 characters
ntext Variable width Unicode string 2GB of text data
binary(n) Fixed width binary string 8,000 bytes
varbinary Variable width binary string 8,000 bytes
varbinary(max) Variable width binary string 2GB
image Variable width binary string 2GB


TIPE DATA MS Access

Data type Description Storage
Text Use for text or combinations of text and numbers. 255 characters maximum
Memo Memo is used for larger amounts of text. Stores up to 65,536 characters. Note: You cannot sort a memo field. However, they are searchable
Byte Allows whole numbers from 0 to 255 1 byte
Integer Allows whole numbers between -32,768 and 32,767 2 bytes
Long Allows whole numbers between -2,147,483,648 and 2,147,483,647 4 bytes
Single Single precision floating-point. Will handle most decimals 4 bytes
Double Double precision floating-point. Will handle most decimals 8 bytes
Currency Use for currency. Holds up to 15 digits of whole dollars, plus 4 decimal places. Tip: You can choose which country's currency to use 8 bytes
AutoNumber AutoNumber fields automatically give each record its own number, usually starting at 1 4 bytes
Date/Time Use for dates and times 8 bytes
Yes/No A logical field can be displayed as Yes/No, True/False, or On/Off. In code, use the constants True and False (equivalent to -1 and 0). Note: Null values are not allowed in Yes/No fields 1 bit
Ole Object Can store pictures, audio, video, or other BLOBs (Binary Large Objects) up to 1GB
Hyperlink Contain links to other files, including web pages
Lookup Wizard Let you type a list of options, which can then be chosen from a drop-down list 4 bytes


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